FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS

Cash Flow Metrics

Operating Activities · Net Income Adjustments

Metric	Tooltip
Net Income	The company's accounting profit after all expenses and taxes. In the cash flow statement, it serves as the starting point for calculating operating cash flow.
Depreciation & Amortization	Non-cash accounting expenses that reduce net income but usually do not require a current-period cash payment. They are therefore added back when calculating operating cash flow.
Stock-Based Compensation	Compensation paid to employees through shares or stock-related awards rather than cash. It does not immediately consume cash but can dilute existing shareholders.
Other Adjustments	Additional items used to reconcile accounting profit with actual cash flow. Their meaning depends on the company's specific accounting activities.

Changes in Working Capital

Metric	Tooltip
Change in Receivables	Shows how changes in customer receivables affected cash flow. Rising receivables usually consume cash because sales have been recorded before the money was collected.
Changes in Inventories	Shows how changes in inventory affected cash. Building inventory usually uses cash, while reducing inventory can release cash.
Changes in Accounts Payable	Shows how changes in amounts owed to suppliers affected cash flow. Rising payables can temporarily preserve cash because payments have been delayed.
Changes in Other Operating Activities	Captures changes in other operating assets and liabilities that affect cash. These items vary depending on the company's business and accounting structure.

Operating Cash Flow

Metric	Tooltip
Operating Cash Flow	Cash generated or consumed by the company's core business operations. It shows whether normal business activity is actually producing cash.
Operating Cash Flow Growth	Shows how operating cash flow has changed compared with a previous period. Consistent growth generally means the core business is producing more cash over time.
Cash Flow from Operations	Another name for cash generated by the company's core operating activities. It represents the cash impact of running the underlying business.

Investing Activities · Capital Expenditures

Metric	Tooltip
Capital Expenditures (CapEx)	Cash spent acquiring or improving long-term assets such as factories, equipment or data centers. High CapEx can reduce current cash flow while supporting future growth.
Net PPE Purchases	Net cash spent purchasing property, plant and equipment. It represents investment in the physical assets used to operate and expand the business.
Net Intangible Purchases	Cash spent acquiring intangible assets such as software, patents or licenses. It represents investment in non-physical long-term assets.

Acquisitions & Investments

Metric	Tooltip
Net Business Acquisitions	Cash spent acquiring other companies after accounting for cash received through the acquisition. Large negative values can indicate an acquisition-driven growth strategy.
Purchase of Investments	Cash used to buy financial investments such as securities or bonds. It reflects the use of excess cash outside the company's core operating assets.
Sale of Investments	Cash received from selling financial investments. It converts previously invested financial assets back into cash.
Net Investments Purchased / Sold	The net difference between purchases and sales of financial investments. It shows whether the company was a net buyer or seller of investments during the period.
Other Investing Activities	Other cash movements related to investing that do not fit into the main categories. Their importance depends on the company's individual transactions.

Investing Cash Flow

Metric	Tooltip
Investing Cash Flow	Net cash generated or used through investments in assets, securities and acquisitions. Negative investing cash flow can be normal for companies heavily investing in future growth.
Cash Flow from Investing	Another name for the cash generated or spent through investing activities. It includes items such as CapEx, acquisitions and investment transactions.

Financing Activities · Debt

Metric	Tooltip
Short-Term Debt Issued	Cash received from taking on new short-term debt. It provides financing that generally must be repaid within a relatively short period.
Short-Term Debt Repaid	Cash used to repay short-term borrowings. It reduces debt but also reduces available cash.
Net Short-Term Debt Issued / Repaid	The difference between new short-term borrowing and repayments. A positive value means the company borrowed more than it repaid.
Long-Term Debt Issued	Cash received from issuing long-term debt. It provides financing that will generally be repaid over several years.
Long-Term Debt Repaid	Cash used to repay long-term borrowings. It lowers leverage but consumes available cash.
Net Long-Term Debt Issued / Repaid	The difference between long-term debt issued and repaid. A negative value generally means the company is reducing its long-term debt.
Net Borrowing	The difference between new debt raised and debt repaid. It shows whether the company increased or reduced its overall borrowing during the period.

Shares & Dividends

Metric	Tooltip
Repurchase of Common Stock	Cash spent buying the company's own shares from the market. Buybacks reduce the share count and can increase each remaining shareholder's ownership percentage.
Net Common Stock Issued / Repurchased	The net cash effect of issuing new shares and repurchasing existing shares. A negative value generally indicates net buybacks, while a positive value suggests net issuance.
Common Dividends Paid	Cash distributed to common shareholders through dividends. It represents a direct return of capital to shareholders.
Preferred Dividends Paid	Cash dividends paid to holders of preferred shares. Companies without preferred stock may not report this item at all.

Other Financing

Metric	Tooltip
Other Financing Activities	Other cash flows related to raising or returning capital. Their composition varies depending on the company's financing structure.
Financing Cash Flow	Net cash generated or used through debt, equity, dividends and buybacks. It shows how the company funds itself and returns capital to investors.
Cash Flow from Financing	Another name for the cash generated or used through financing activities. It includes borrowing, debt repayment, share issuance, buybacks and dividends.

Net Cash Flow

Metric	Tooltip
Net Cash Flow	The total change in cash after operating, investing and financing activities are combined. A positive value means cash increased during the period.

Free Cash Flow

Metric	Tooltip
Free Cash Flow (FCF)	Operating cash flow remaining after capital expenditures are deducted. It represents cash that can potentially be used for debt, dividends, buybacks, acquisitions or reinvestment.
Free Cash Flow Growth	Shows how free cash flow has changed over time. Rising FCF generally means the company is generating more cash after funding its capital needs.
FCF Margin	Free cash flow divided by revenue. It shows how efficiently sales are converted into cash remaining after capital expenditures.
Free Cash Flow Per Share	Free cash flow divided by the number of shares outstanding. It shows how much free cash generation corresponds to each share.
Levered Free Cash Flow	Free cash flow available after considering interest and other financing obligations. It provides a closer view of cash remaining for equity holders after debt-related costs.
Unlevered Free Cash Flow	Free cash flow generated before the effect of debt financing and interest payments. It is often used to compare businesses independently of capital structure.